Philipp Christen  .  Rolf Jaussi .  Roger Benoit

Biochemie und Molekularbiologie

Eine Einführung mit 40 Lerneinheiten




7   Nucleinsäuren


Inhaltsverzeichnis

Einführung Website

Merksätze

Kontrollfragen

7.1 Struktur und Funktion der Nucleinsäuren, Übersicht

7.2 Mononucleotide

7.3 Nucleinsäuren

7.4 Chromosomen

Weiterführende Literatur



Links

7.1 Struktur und Funktion der Nucleinsäuren, Übersicht

DNA (David S. Goodsell, RCSB PDB): Funktion und Struktur der DNA

Entdeckungsgeschichte der DNA und Aufklärung ihrer Raumstruktur

The discovery of the molecular structure of DNA - the double helix (Nobelprize.org): Die Geschichte der Entdeckung der DNA-Struktur

Genome (NCBI): Genom-Sequenz-Datenbank

Plant DNA C-values database (Leitch, Johnston, Pellicer, Hidalgo, Bennett, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, https://cvalues.science.kew.org/): Datenbank zur Grösse des Genoms von Pflanzen - 1 C entspricht der DNA-Menge pro Keimzelle in pg = 10-12 g DNA. 1 pg DNA ~ 978 Mb (1 Mb = 106 b)

Animal genome size database (Gregory 2014, Animal Genome Size Database, http://www.genomesize.com): Datenbank zur Grösse des Genoms von Tieren - 1 C entspricht der DNA-Menge pro Keimzelle in pg = 10-12 g DNA. 1 pg DNA ~ 978 Mb (1 Mb = 106 b)

7.2 Mononucleotide

Desoxyadenosin-5'-triphosphat (dATP - https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)

Thymidin-5'-triphosphat (dTTP - https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)

Desoxycytidin-5'-triphosphat (dCTP - https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)

7.3 Nucleinsäuren

DNA and the Nobel Prize: The History of the Discovery of DNA Structure (https://www.ibiology.org/)

RNA Structure, Function, and Recognition (https://www.ibiology.org/)

A-DNA, B-DNA and Z-DNA (Wikipedia): Vergleich der drei wichtigsten Strukturvarianten doppelstränginger DNA

Conformation and dynamics in a Z-DNA tetramer (PDB): 3D-Struktur eines kurzen Abschnittes der Z-DNA

7.4 Chromosomen

Cohesin - ein Proteinring für Genomstabilität und Chromatinfaltung (Kerstin S. Wendt, BIOspektrum, link.springer.com)

Topoisomerases (David S. Goodsell, RCSB PDB): Übersicht zur Struktur und Funktion der Topoisomerasen

Nucleosome (David S. Goodsell, RCSB PDB): Übersicht zur Struktur von Nucleosomen

Structure of a complex between a nucleosome core particle and a DNA fragment (Luger et al. 1997, Nature 389, 251-260; RCSB PDB): 3D-Struktur eines Nucleosomenkerns mit DNA

Discovery of the Structure of the Nucleosome (https://www.ibiology.org/)

How DNA is packaged (YouTube / dnalc.org): Animation zur Organisation von DNA in Chromosomen

Film zu Condensin-vermittelter DNA-Verdichtung (Poser et al., J Cell Biol 2020, 219, e201905194)


Weiterführende Literatur

Chadda et al. 2024, Nucleic Acids Res. - "Partial wrapping of single-stranded DNA by replication protein A and modulation through phosphorylation"

Rigden and Fernandez 2026, Nucleic Acids Res. - "The 2026 Nucleic Acids Research database issue and the online molecular biology database collection"

Shahid et al. 2025, Nature - "Structural dynamics of DNA unwinding by a replicative helicase"

Wang et al. 2025, Nat Commun - "DNA replication fork speed acts as a pacer in cortical neurogenesis"

Dennis and Campbell 2003, Nature - "The eternal molecule"

Watson and Crick 1953, Nature - "Molecular structure of nucleic acids; a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid" mit Kommentaren

Batey et al. 1999, Angew Chem int Ed Engl - "Tertiary Motifs in RNA Structure and Folding"

Luger et al. 1997, Nature - "Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution"

Gregory et al. 2007, Nucleic Acids Research - "Eukaryotic genome size databases"

Minsky 2004, Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct - "Information content and complexity in the high-order organization of DNA"

Sinden 2005, Nature - "Molecular biology: DNA twists and flips"

Ha et al. 2005, Nature - "Crystal structure of a junction between B-DNA and Z-DNA reveals two extruded bases"

Nielsen et al. 2017, Nature - "Tracing the peopling of the world through genomics"

Ganji et al. 2018, Science - "Real-time imaging of DNA loop extrusion by condensin"

Beckwith et al. 2025, Cell - "Nanoscale DNA tracing reveals the self-organization mechanism of mitotic chromosomes"

Kim et al. 2025, Nature - "Chromatin loops are an ancestral hallmark of the animal regulatory genome"

Dekker et al. 2026, Nature - "An integrated view of the structure and function of the human 4D nucleome"

Sacristan et al. 2024, Cell - "Vertebrate centromeres in mitosis are functionally bipartite structures stabilized by cohesin"

De Wit 2025, Nature - "Systematic maps reveal how human chromosomes are organized"


Revision Januar 2026